企业级 Spring Boot 教程（十五）Springboot整合RabbitMQ

这篇文章带你了解怎么整合RabbitMQ服务器，并且通过它怎么去发送和接收消息。我将构建一个springboot工程，通过RabbitTemplate去通过MessageListenerAdapter去订阅一个POJO类型的消息。

准备工作

• 15min
• IDEA
• maven 3.0

在开始构建项目之前，机器需要安装rabbitmq，如果你是用的Mac，你可以这样下载：

brew install rabbitmq

安装完成后开启服务器：

rabbitmq-server

开启服务器成功，你可以看到以下信息：

RabbitMQ 3.1.3. Copyright (C) 2007-2013 VMware, Inc.
      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/ Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
       /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost-sasl.log

            Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins.

构建工程 构架一个SpringBoot工程，其pom文件依赖加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依赖：

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> 

创建消息接收者 在任何的消息队列程序中，你需要创建一个消息接收者，用于响应发送的消息。

@Component public class Receiver { private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">");
        latch.countDown();
    } public CountDownLatch getLatch() { return latch;
    }

}

消息接收者是一个简单的POJO类，它定义了一个方法去接收消息，当你注册它去接收消息，你可以给它取任何的名字。其中，它有CountDownLatch这样的一个类，它是用于告诉发送者消息已经收到了，你不需要在应用程序中具体实现它，只需要latch.countDown()就行了。

创建消息监听，并发送一条消息 在spring程序中，RabbitTemplate提供了发送消息和接收消息的所有方法。你只需简单的配置下就行了：

需要一个消息监听容器 声明一个quene,一个exchange,并且绑定它们 一个组件去发送消息 代码清单如下：

package com.forezp; import com.forezp.message.Receiver; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding; import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication { final static String queueName = "spring-boot"; @Bean Queue queue() { return new Queue(queueName, false);
    } @Bean TopicExchange exchange() { return new TopicExchange("spring-boot-exchange");
    } @Bean Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName);
    } @Bean SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
                                             MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
        SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        container.setQueueNames(queueName);
        container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter); return container;
    } @Bean MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) { return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage");
    } public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args);
    }
}

创建一个测试方法：

@Component public class Runner implements CommandLineRunner { private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; private final Receiver receiver; private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate,
            ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { this.receiver = receiver; this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate; this.context = context;
    } @Override public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Sending message...");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!");
        receiver.getLatch().await(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        context.close();
    }

}

启动程序，你会发现控制台打印技术支持
Spring Cloud大型企业分布式微服务云架构源码请加企鹅求求：yuncode.net